Mount Bromo

Gunung Bromo is an active volcano located in East Java, Indonesia. Standing at 2,329 meters (7,641 feet), it is not the tallest peak in the Tengger massif, but it is the most famous. The area is a popular tourist destination in Java.

The volcano's summit has been partially destroyed, with a constantly emitting white sulphurous smoke from its crater. It is surrounded by the Laut Pasir (Sea of Sand), a vast expanse of fine volcanic sand. The landscape is otherworldly and eerie, especially when contrasted with the lush green valleys surrounding the Tengger massif.

Krakatoa

Krakatoa, also known as Gunung Krakatau, is an island located between Java and Sumatra. The eruption of mount Krakatoa in August 26-27, 1883, was one of the most violent volcanic events in recorded history. The magnitude of the eruption was equivalent to 200 megatons of TNT, which is approximately 13,000 times more powerful than the atomic bomb that devastated Hiroshima. The explosion was so immense that it could be heard as far away as Perth in Western Australia, which is about 1,930 miles (3,110 km) from Krakatoa.

In 1927, smaller eruptions led to the formation of Anak Krakatau, also known as the "Child of Krakatoa," which emerged from the sea. This volcanic island continues to grow at an average rate of 7 meters per year. The most recent eruption of Anak Krakatau began in April 2008 and is still ongoing.

Arenal Volcano

The most active volcano in Costa Rica is Volcán Arenal, situated 90 km (56 miles) northwest of San José. Rising 1,657 meters above sea level, it offers a stunning view of Lake Arenal. Geologically, it is classified as a young volcano, estimated to be less than 3,000 years old.

In 1968, Arenal experienced a major eruption that resulted in the destruction of the small town of Tabacón. As a result of this eruption, three additional craters formed on the western slopes, although only one remains today.

Mount Etna

Mount Etna, the second largest active volcano in Europe, currently has a height of 3,329 meters (10,922 ft), although this can change due to summit eruptions. Since 1981, the mountain has decreased in height by 21 meters (69 ft). Situated on the east coast of Sicily, the fertile volcanic soils of Mount Etna support a thriving agricultural industry. Vineyards and orchards can be found on the lower slopes of the mountain and the expansive Plain of Catania to the south.

Mount Vesuvius

The most famous eruption of Mount Vesuvius occurred in AD 79, resulting in the devastation of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum and the loss of 10,000 to 25,000 lives. Since then, the volcano has erupted multiple times and is now considered one of the most hazardous volcanoes globally due to the 3,000,000 people residing in close proximity. The height of the main cone has fluctuated over time due to eruptions, but currently stands at 1,281 m (4,202 ft).